Leather and Footwear Journal

Volume 8, no 3

Contents
- Contents PDF
Composite Materials from Latexes of Vinyl-Acrylic Copolymers and Collagenic Polypeptides - Rheological Behavior of Mixtures
- Pages 3-19
  Viorica DESELNICU¹, Mircea Dan BUCEVSCHI², Monica COLT²
  - ¹INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, RO, email: icpi@icpi.ro
  - ²Wiezmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IL
  ABSTRACT. The paper presents a study on obtaining and characterization of composite materials based on vinyl-acrylic copolymers as latexes and collagen polypeptides, in the following variants: blends, intermolecular complexes and interpenetrated polymeric structures. The analysis is focused on the results obtained on the rheological behavior of the fluid mixtures. It has been proved the influence of the molecular weight and the concentration of collagen hydrolysate aqueous solutions on the viscosity and flowing index of polymer mixture in fluid state. The experiments have been performed with collagen hydrolizates obtained through neutral hydrolysis from bovine hide wastes with an average molecular weight between 20000-80 000. The polymer-collagen composite materials will be used in leather finishing.
  
  KEY WORDS: composites, latexes, rheological behavior, collagen hydrolizate
Analysis of Leathers' Colour by COLORMASTER Programme
- Pages 20-27
  Maria-Marcela TÂRLEA¹, Gheorghe ILIE²
  - ¹INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, RO, email: icpi@icpi.ro
  - ²New York Class 13-22 14thStreet, # C2, Whitestone, NY 11357, New York, USA
  ABSTRACT. The paper presents an application of the color analysis COLORMASTER software developed based on color samples in assessing the tone-tone dyed woolen sheep skins. Application of COLORMASTER software in assessing color in samples of tone-tone dyed woolen sheep skins against the control is a significant application of the computer aided technique for color analysis in the leather industry.
  
  KEY WORDS: COLORMASTER software, leather, color analysis
Fat Reduction in the Waste Waters of Sheepskin Tannery
- Pages 28-34
  Viorica DESELNICU¹, A. VADUVA², G. LOMBARDI³
  - ¹INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, RO, email: icpi@icpi.ro
  - ²Favior Vidra SA, Orastie, RO
  - ³ENEA, Pisa, IT
  ABSTRACT. For tanning industry the environmental protection is one of the most important problems to be solved.Tannery processes are invariably conducted in water media and the removal of surplus materials is conveniently effected by washing; all these pollutant effluents must be treated before discharge into urban sewerage systems or into rivers etc. The paper resents a treatment method by electro floatation applied to wastewaters resulted from woolen sheepskins tannery.
  
  KEY WORDS: waste water, electro-floatation, sheepskins
The Influence of the Construction and Material Nature in the Footwear Bottom on the Foot Biomechanics
- Pages 35-43
  Ana Maria VASILESCU, Gheorghe BERIJAN, Bujorel JIDIUC, Daniel PETCU
  - INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, RO, email: icpi@icpi.ro
  ABSTRACT. The investigations of the foot biomechanics were aimed at understanding how the footwear characteristics can diminish forces acting on the foot anatomical configuration. The biomechanics fields (kinematics, kinetics, anthropometry, muscle and joint biomechanics, electromyography) involving variables employed to describe and investigate any motion are revealed. The load acting on the foot as a body supporting and movement organ is required to be known for a rational construction of footwear. Because of the complex foot motion, large range of shapes and materials in footwear soles and flooring, the friction between the two components involved in movement has been a problem not solved in a unanimously accepted manner. The ground reaction force plays a significant role in the general context of the investigations on the human motion. It also is an indicator depending both on the curve shape and the changes in the force application point on the plantar, enabling the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the gait pathological shape by the experts.
  
  KEY WORDS: foot biomechanics, footwear, ground reaction force
The Intelligent System of Designing Footwear (ICAFD) 2D Module
- Pages 44-52
  Constantin Stefan PETRESCU¹, Gabriela Camelia PETRESCU¹, Gheorghe BERIJAN², Ana Maria VASILESCU², Philip AZARIADIS³
  - ¹S.C. RIALTO PROD SRL Bucharest, RO, ghepard@zappmobile.ro, www.rialto.ro
  - ²INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, RO, icpi@icpi ro
  - ³Research and Design Institute EL-KE-DE- Athene, GR
  ABSTRACT. The intelligent computer-assisted design of footwear (ICADF) aims to replace conventional methods of design, which requires time, to improve the general process of designing footwear by eliminating repetitive operations and avoid repetitive design errors, to respond better and more quickly to market changes and needs. ICADF system was designed on a platform of information which is classified by design rules. It is entirely based on particularities, creating in this sense a database which contains different standards of design, classified according to the sorts of footwear. ICAFD software consists of two models, SHOE MODELING 2-D and SHOE MODELING 3D. The SHOE MODELING 3D, at the moment, is at the stage of development, the developer EL-KE-DE-Greece continuing research in this sense.
  
  KEY WORDS: shoe last, footwear design, software design 2D, models
Influence Study of Satchels' Weight on Children's Health
- Pages 53-60
  Marina MALCOCI, Diana DARII
  - Technical University, Chisinau, MD
  ABSTRACT. In the work it is analyzed the satchels' constructive feature and their received weight, with the aim to not affect children's health at the age their bodies are forming. It was analyzed a satchel's weight of a child of masculine gender, from 1st - 3rd form. The obtained results show that the child is overload from 40% in 1st form and till 90% in 3rd form.
  
  KEY WORDS: satchel, danger, weight