Volume 13, no 4
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Proving Reliability and Reproducibility of the Technology for Grafting and Crosslinking Blends Based on Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer and Triallyl Cyanurate by Electron Beam Irradiation, Using Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data Obtained
Pages 265-282
Elena MANAILA
1
, Maria Daniela STELESCU
2*
, Gabriela Ileana NICULESCU-ARON
3
, Dana GURAU
2
1
National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Electron Accelerators Laboratory, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania
2
National Research & Development Institute for Textiles and Leather, Division: Leather & Footwear Research Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu St., 031215, Bucharest, Romania, e-mail: dmstelescu@yahoo.com
3
Academy of Economic Studies, Faculty of Cybernetics, Statistics & Economic Informatics, 15-17 Calea Dorobantilor, 010552, Bucharest, Romania
ABSTRACT. The paper presents our experiments regarding the demonstration of reliability and reproducibility of the technology for grafting and crosslinking blends of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and triallyl cyanurate polyfunctional monomer (TAC) by electron beam irradiation (EB). Blends based on EVA and TAC were irradiated with different doses of EB. The physical-mechanical properties of the irradiated samples were compared with those of samples obtained by classic crosslinking in the presence of peroxides. Experimental data obtained were processed and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 13 and regression models were established. Depending on the dose of irradiation, characteristics of the blends were estimated with a probability of 95% based on established regression models. The results have shown that the technology is reproducible and reliable.
KEY WORDS: EVA, TAC, electron beam, physical-mechanical characteristics, regression model, estimation of variables
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General Considerations on Computer-Assisted Design of Lasts for Therapeutic Footwear
Pages 283-294
Daniel PETCU*, Gheorghe BERIJAN
National Research and Development Institute for Textiles and Leather - Division: Leather and Footwear Research Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu St., Bucharest, Romania, email: icpi@icpi.ro
ABSTRACT. Medical footwear can be classified, both in terms of its role in the treatment of foot pathomechanics and in terms of the level of customization of the design process, into: therapeutic footwear, postoperative footwear, orthopedic footwear and diabetic footwear. Customized shoes for treatment of specific medical conditions fall into the category of medical devices. At international level we can no longer talk about orthopedic shoes or custom product without substantial involvement of CAD-CAM technologies. This stage of development is supported both by an effective industry and by the availability of medical and technical professions dedicated to the conservative treatment of foot pathomechanics. This paper makes an overview of both the technological process and design technologies for lasts of therapeutic footwear.
KEY WORDS: therapeutic footwear, lasts, technologies
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The Investment Risk in Sewage Treatment Plants Using the ELECTRE III Method
Pages 295-310
Marian TVETSTANSCHI*, Dan ROBESCU
University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, Faculty of Power Engineering, Department of Hydraulic, Environmental Engineering Hydraulic Machinery, Romania, e-mail: mariantvetstanschi@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the main wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) of Romania and to rank them in terms of operating performance (efficiency and economy) in 2011. Six municipal wastewater treatment plants in Romania were taken into account: Constanța Sud WWTP, Mangalia WWTP, Arad WWTP, Cluj-Napoca WWTP, Constanța Nord WWTP and Cernavodă WWTP. The multiple criteria selected were the volume of water treated (m3), operating expenses (lei), electric energy consumption (KWh), specific costs (lei/m3) which were used to rank WWTPs using the ELECTRE III method. It was found that top ranked WWTPs in terms of performance are those where significant investments were made for retechnologization and upgrade.
KEY WORDS: treatment plants, ranking, investment risk, ELECTRE III
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Sturgeon Skins A Valuable Resource for Luxury Leather Industry
Pages 311-320
Carmen GAIDAU
1
*, Marilena MAEREANU
2
, Traian FOIASI
1
, Candas Adgusel ZENGIN
3
, Huseyin Ata KARAVANA
3
, Mehmet Mete MUTLU
3
, Behzat Oral BITLISLI
3
, Bahri BASARAN
3
1
INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute Division, 93 Ion Minulescu St, sector 3, Bucharest, 031215, e-mail: carmen.gaidau@icpi.ro
2
SC Danube Research Consulting Ltd, 8 Intrarea Presei St, sector 1, Bucharest, 013175, e-mail: marilena.maereanu@gmail.com
3
Ege University, Engineering Faculty, Leather Engineering Department, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey, e-mail: bahri.basaran@ege.edu.tr
ABSTRACT. This research paper presents sturgeon skins as a valuable resource for the luxury leather industry. Although less known for their use in the field of leather garments, sturgeon skins show a distinct alternation between skin and cartilage shields that suggests the possibility of manufacturing fashion accessories in the current fashion trends. The difficulty of processing technologies results from the peculiar structure of the skin without scales, but rich in cartilage protrusions. The paper presents the main characteristics of sturgeon skin processing, physical-mechanical and chemical properties, as well as the possibility of manufacturing luxury accessories. Research suggests a superior utilization of a byproduct of the fish processing industry and brings original contributions to knowledge regarding the properties of sturgeon skins.
KEY WORDS: sturgeon, fish skin, luxury leathers, exotic leathers, fish byproduct
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TIED SHOE, a Virtual Community of Practice for the Footwear Industry
Pages 321-344
Aura MIHAI
1
, Mariana COSTEA
1*
, Nikolaos BILALIS
2
, Ana Marija GRANCARIC
3
, Eduardo COSTA
4
, Raquel MARZO
5
, Cláudia AZEVEDO
6
, Carlos VAZ DE CARVALHO
6
1
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, Faculty of Textile, Leather and Industrial Management, 700050, Iasi, Romania, e-mail: amihai@tex.tuiasi.ro, mariana.pastina@yahoo.com
2
Technical University of Crete, Department of Production Engineering and Management, University Campus, Coynoypidiana, 73100, Chania, Greece, e-mail: nbilalis@isc.tuc.gr
3
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Textile, Trgmaršala Tita 14, HR-10002 ZAGREB, Croatia, e-mail: ana.marija.grancaric@ttf.hr
4
Professional Training Centre for the Footwear Industry, Rua Visconde, 990 3700-265 São João da Madeira, Portugal, e-mail: cfpic@cfpic.pt
5
Valencia Biomechanics Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Edificio 9C, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain, e-mail: clara.solves@ibv.upv.es
6
Virtual Campus Ltd, Av. Fernão Magalhães, 716 1º, 4350-151, Porto, Portugal, e-mail: Claudia_azevedo@virtualcampus.eu, carlos_carvalho@virtual-campus.eu
ABSTRACT. The Leather and Footwear Industry in Europe has changed in the last decade. Faced with the Far East competition, based on intensive, low-cost, unskilled manpower, companies have understood that the only way to survive was to focus on high-quality, high-end products with design and strong added value. However, that approach requires a highly skilled, trained and motivated workforce. The TIED Shoe project created a Virtual Community of Practice (VCP) that allows footwear companies, stakeholders and professionals to share knowhow and experience and to access high quality training. This article describes this approach, the process of designing and developing the TIED Shoe Virtual Community of Practice and the analysis of the two first editions of the TIED Shoe VCP training that have already taken place with success. As a result, a steady but growing group of individuals is already working in the community in a profitable and synergetic knowledge sharing process.
KEY WORDS: leather and footwear, community of practice, e-learning, skills and competencies
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The Influence of Electron Beam Irradiation Dose and Polyfunctional Monomers Concentrations on the Physico-mechanical Characteristics of the EPDM/HPDE Blends
Pages 245-258
Maria Daniela STELESCU
1
*, Elena MANAILA
2
, Gabriela CRACIUN
2
, Dana GURAU
1
1
National Research & Development Institute for Textiles and Leather, Division: Leather and Footwear Research Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu St., 031215, Bucharest, Romania, e-mail: dmstelescu@yahoo.com
2
National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Electron Accelerators Laboratory, #409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania, e-mail: elena.manaila@inflpr.ro ; gabriela.craciun@inflpr.ro
ABSTRACT. The paper presents a study on the improvement of physico-mechanical characteristics of blends containing ethylene-propyleneterpolymer (EPDM) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) by electron beam (EB) irradiation and polyfunctional monomers (PFMs) addition. Dependence of physico-mechanical properties on irradiation dose was determined from a dose range of 0 kGy to 200 kGy. As PFMs, trimethylol-propane-trimethacrylate (TMPT) and zinc-diacrylate (ZDA) were used. The obtained results show that EB irradiation produces EPDM crosslinking and improves the characteristics of the mixture. To reduce the EB irradiation dose, PFMs were introduced.
KEY WORDS: ethylene-propylene terpolymer rubber, high density polyethylene, polyfunctional monomers, electron beam, physicomechanical characteristics
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